Vatican City

The majestic Doric colonnade in Tivoli travertine on the left-hand side of the semicircle that encircles St Peter’s Square, designed by Gian Lorenzo Bernini in the 17th century

In the centre is the statue of Christ the Redeemer giving his blessing, flanked by St John the Baptist and several apostles, situated on the balustrade of St Peter’s Basilica; in the background is the dome’s lantern

The façade of St Peter’s Basilica, designed by Carlo Maderno and built between 1608 and 1614, is divided into two orders (upper and lower)

At the centre of the entablature of the colonnade in St Peter’s Square is the coat of arms of Pope Alexander VII, who had the square renovated

The two basins – one of which is upside down – of the ancient fountain, which was completely rebuilt by Carlo Maderno in St Peter’s Square

Carlo Maderno’s Baroque fountain (1613) in St Peter’s Square, characterised by a large, mixtilinear basin

Carlo Maderno’s fountain, dating from 1613, in St Peter’s Square, with St Peter’s Basilica in the background

The left wing of Gian Lorenzo Bernini’s colonnade in St Peter’s Square, with the Apostolic Palace in the background on the left

On the right is the church of Santa Maria del Carmelo in Traspontina on Via della Conciliazione, with St Peter’s Basilica in the background

The double-helix staircase at the Vatican Museums, designed by Giuseppe Momo and decorated with bronze panels by Antonio Maraini

The staircase connecting the first floor to the second floor of the Vatican Museums

A fresco on the vaulted ceiling of the Pontifical Archives Room (Sala Sistina II) in the Vatican Apostolic Library (Vatican Museums)

The Sistine Hall in the Vatican Apostolic Library (Vatican Museums), commissioned by Pope Sixtus V in the 16th century.

The decorated 16th-century rooms of the Vatican Apostolic Library (Vatican Museums)

The Urbano VIII Gallery in the Vatican Apostolic Library, flanked by two 13th-century bronze bells

The rooms of the Vatican Apostolic Library within the Vatican Museums complex

The Hall of Addresses of Pius XI, in the museums of the Vatican Apostolic Library (Vatican Museums)

The frescoed ceiling of a room in the Vatican Museums bearing the Latin inscription “Pius VII P.M. Anno XVIII”

A Flemish tapestry from Tournai, depicting ‘The Last Supper’, dating from the 16th century and located in the apartments of St Pius V (Vatican Museums)

A medallion bearing the inscription ‘Pax’, dedicated to Pius VII, in the Tapestry Gallery (Vatican Museums)

The papal coat of arms of Gregory XIII featuring a winged dragon, situated in the lunette above the entrance to the Gallery of Maps (Vatican Museums)

The Candelabra Gallery at the Pio Clementino Museum (Vatican Museums), divided into six rooms, designed by Michelangelo Simonetti and subsequently by Giuseppe Camporese

The Gallery of Maps, 120 metres long, is decorated with 40 giant maps depicting the Italian territory and the Church’s possessions, drawn by the cosmographer Ignazio Danti (16th century)

Fresco depicting an allegory featuring Saint Thomas Aquinas and Aristotle, located on the ceiling of the Candelabri Gallery in the Pio Clementino Museum (Vatican Museums)

The long Candelabri Gallery in the Pio Clementino Museum (Vatican Museums), divided into six sections by arcades with pilasters and columns

The Simonetti Staircase in the Pio Clementino Museum, commissioned by Pope Pius VI in the 18th century

White marble sculpture of Artemis of Ephesus (a copy of the original by Kephisodotos), goddess of fertility, in the Candelabra Gallery of the Pio Clementino Museum (Vatican Museums)

The marble statues in the Candelabra Gallery, built in 1761 at the behest of Pope Pius VI Braschi

A circular mosaic on the floor featuring astronomical motifs and a bust of the goddess Athena in the Greek Cross Hall of the Pio Clementino Museum (Vatican Museums)

Helena’s sarcophagus in red porphyry, from Helena’s mausoleum, dating from the 4th century, in the Greek Cross Hall of the Pio Clementino Museum (Vatican Museums)

The coffered dome of the rotunda in the Pio Clementino Museum (Vatican Museums), designed by Michelangelo Simonetti

The Round Hall in the Pio Clementino Museum (Vatican Museums), designed by Michelangelo Simonetti, with the monolithic red porphyry bowl at its centre

The Belvedere Torso in the Hall of the Muses at the Pio Clementino Museum (Vatican Museums), a work by the Athenian sculptor Apollonios from the 1st century BC.

The Hall of the Muses in the Pio Clementino Museum (Vatican Museums), open to the public since 1784

The ancient mosaic floor in the Hall of Animals at the Pio Clementino Museum (Vatican Museums), comprising twelve panels joined by intertwined bands and depicting still lifes (4th century)

Sculpture depicting a centaur abducting a nymph in the Hall of Animals at the Pio Clementino Museum (Vatican Museums)

A sculpture of a lion biting a horse in the animal gallery of the Pio Clementino Museum (Vatican Museums)

A hunting scene depicting two dogs attacking a deer, in the Animal Hall of the Pio Clementino Museum (Vatican Museums)

The Hall of Animals, featuring sculptures relating to the world of hunting and nature, within the Pio Clementino Museum (Vatican Museums)

A basin featuring two lions in the act of attacking an animal, situated within Bramante’s octagonal courtyard (Vatican Museums)

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